A rhizotomy is a neurosurgical procedure
that selectively destroys problematic
nerve roots ,in the spinal cord most often
to relieve the symptoms of neuromuscular
conditions such as spastic diplegia
and other forms of spastic cerebral palsy.

In this surgery, the spasticity-causing
nervesare isolated and then targeted
and destroyed. The sensory nerve roots,
where spasticity is located,are first
separated from the motor ones, and the
nerve fibres to be cut are then identified
via electromyographic stimulation. The ones
producing spasticity are then selectively
lesioned with tiny electrical pulses.

Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for
evaluating and recording the electrical activity
produced by skeletal muscles. EMG is
performed using an instrument called an
electromyograph, to produce a record called an
electromyogram. An electromyograph detects
the electrical potential generated by muscle
cells when these cells are electrically or
neurologically activated. The signals can be
analyzed to detect medical abnormalities,
activation level, or recruitment order or to
analyze the biomechanics of human or animal
movement.

An epidural is a simplified and all-inclusive
term often used to refer to techniques such as
epidural analgesia and epidural anaesthesia.
The epidural route is frequently employed by
certain physicians and nurse anaesthetists to
administer diagnostic and therapeutic chemical
substances, as well as certain analgesic and
local anaesthetic agents.

Epidural techniques frequently involve injection
of drugs through a catheter placed into the
epidural space. The injection can result in a loss
of sensation—including the sensation of pain—
by blocking the transmission of signals
through nerve fibers in or near the spinal cord.

Medial branch nerves are small nerves that
feed out from the facet joints in the spine and
carry pain signals from the facet joints to the
brain.

The medial branch block is often used as part
of a 2-step diagnostic and treatment
approach